4.1 safety director – darrell gallacher

The Best Contracting Services, Inc. Safety Director is responsible for implementing the program, selecting between options to meet the program’s objectives and ensuring that specified procedures meet the requirements of the program.
To carry out the assigned responsibilities, the Safety Director will ensure the following activities are carried out:

• Implement the IIPP to target losses, exposures to loss, and compliance with applicable government standards.
• Monitor the effectiveness of the program through annual audits and make changes in the program as necessary.
• Ensure that all personnel receive appropriate IIPP training.
• Make recommendations to eliminate, control or engineer unsafe or unhealthy conditions out of the work environment.
• Monitor periodic IIPP inspections of Best Contracting Services, Inc. construction sites.
• Monitor incident investigations.
• Ensure communication with management and employees about IIPP issues through established communications methods.
• Develop and implement additional programs to increase the effectiveness of the IIPP effort, as the need for these programs becomes evident.

4.2 vice president of operations – bob mars

The Chief Operating Officer has primary responsibility for ensuring the implementation of this llPP. The Chief Operating Officer has the authority to implement changes as required. The Chief Operating Officer also has the authority to delegate responsibility and authority to other individuals who can allocate resources and implement changes on the Chief Operating Officer’s behalf.

4.3 job site foremen and superintendents

All Foremen, Superintendents and Project Managers have the responsibility and authority to be knowledgeable of all aspects of the llPP. Through llPP implementation, foremen enforce the requirements of the program to ensure full compliance. They must also monitor the effectiveness of this program within their respective areas of responsibility. This also applies to the implementation and enforcement of the Best Contracting Services, Inc. Code of Safe Practices. Primary foremen and superintendents safety responsibilities are:

• Implement and enforce all safety rules and policies.
• Provide safety training as necessary, including llPP/Safe Practices orientation.
• Conduct bi-weekly tool box safety meetings.
• Periodically inspect and correct unsafe conditions at job sites.
• Provide first aid and arrange for medical facilities near the job sites.
• Ensure the general contractor or client provides necessary safety support.
• Report and investigate all injuries for cause and to prevent recurrence.
• Provide necessary personnel protective equipment and enforce its use.

4.4 employees

All employees are responsible for working in a healthy, safe and responsible manner and to maintain a clean, healthy and safe work area. Employees are responsible for providing some of their own tools. The company will provide other tools necessary for the work assignment. Employees are responsible for maintaining all tools in a safe working condition. In addition, they are responsible for participating in all required IIPP training as deemed necessary.

If an employee witnesses an unhealthy or unsafe act by a co-worker, the incident must be brought to the attention of the foreman in order to prevent injury or illness to themselves or others. All employees have a responsibility to identify unhealthy or unsafe work conditions. An employee is not to proceed to work on equipment or in an environment that is unhealthy or unsafe.

4.5 safety manager

The Safety Manager reports directly to the Safety Direclor. He is a technical resource for job site personnel as well as the company safety auditor. His duties include job site safety audits, report reviews, training, pre-job safety planning and technical resource for job site crews.

5.1 training

Best Contracting Services, Inc. employees will receive the appropriate training to ensure that they are informed on llPP and Code of Safe Practices policies and procedures. The training may include but is not limited to:

• Individual responsibility for injury and illness prevention
• Corrective action for llPP violations
• Procedures for hazard identification
• Procedures for hazard correction
• Procedures for reporting unhealthy or unsafe conditions and/or acts
• Incident reporting

Best Contracting Services, Inc. employees must receive a relative degree of llPP training. The training an employee receives is dictated by their assigned job task(s) and overall job description, and will be determined by the superintendent/foreman with the help of the safety director.

5.2 recognition and commendation

Employees who demonstrate outstanding performance in injury and illness prevention may be recognized. It may be initiated by any knowledgeable employee and routed through the employee’s immediate foreman. Upon approval, the commendation will be sent to the employee and for inclusion in the employee’s personnel file.

5.3 performance reviews

IIPP awareness is to be a factor in completing annual performance reviews (PR). The Chief Operating Officer and the Safety Director will review any incidents and consider the individual’s llPP activities when preparing for the PR. The level of awareness and activities should be equal to the level of safety exposures.

5.4 disciplinary action

Disciplinary action will be taken if an employee fails to follow llPP policies and procedures, in accordance with the Best Contracting Services, Inc. progressive disciplinary action policy.

5.5 iipp audits

The respective foreman will audit the implementation of the program on an annual basis. Audits will be completed by reviewing a representative sample of documentation and employee safety training records. Reviews will determine if:

• Safety communications are taking place as outlined in the llPP.
• Safety inspections are being completed as outlined in the llPP.
• Employee compliance with the llPP and Code of Safe Practices is being properly monitored and administered.
• Workplace hazard evaluations are being completed properly and on time.
• Employee training needs are identified and progress is made to meet these needs. Adequate and proper documentation is being kept as outlined in the IIPP.

The Chief Operating Officer and Safety Director will utilize the findings from the annual audits to help direct the Injury and Illness Prevention Program.

6.1 new employee iipp orientation

New employee orientation is completed by using the New Employee llPP Orientation Checklist. The employee will be given a copy of this checklist and a packet with related information for referral should they have questions at a later date. See the training section of this document for specifics on the New Employee llPP Orientation Checklist.

6.2 training/retraining meetings

Job training may be in a classroom, in an informal group, tailgate meeting, one-on-one, or simply practiced on the job. For all training, proper documentation will be kept.

Additional job training will occur when an employee is new to a task, the task has changed, or a new procedure or process is introduced. Consideration must also be given to new job sites with operations that present unusual or unique safety and health exposures that the employee may not be aware of. In such instances, the foreman will be directly responsible for providing the necessary safety information.

Re-training will be performed when significant injury and illness prevention aspects of a job require periodic reinforcement.

All training will be presented in a manner that encourages two-way communication and provides ample opportunity for the employee to have any questions answered. Employees are encouraged to discuss with management all hazard at the worksite without fear of reprisal.

6.3 postings and posters

Postings are signs, forms, memos and documents that are posted as required by regulatory agencies. These are to be placed in the areas most frequented by employees such as job trailer bulletin boards and common office areas. The following lists the currently required postings:

• OSHA Form No. 300A: “Log and Summary of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses” (Must be posted each February and includes a summary of injuries and illnesses from the previous calendar year.)
• OSHA: “Safety and Health Protection on the Job” poster
• “Notice to Employees of Possible Exposure to Toxic Substances”
• “Access to Medical and Exposure Records”
• “Workers’ Compensation Notice”
• “Emergency phone numbers”
• “Emergency evacuation routes”

Every Best Contracting Services, Inc. office or job site that uses a trailer or bin will display these postings in appropriate places so employees have ready access to the information.

6.4 iipp memorandums

IIPP issues that frequently occur should not wait until the llPP is revised. This type of information will be communicated to all employees by memorandum. Memos will be prepared/approved on an as needed basis through the Safety Director and will be distributed to all employees and posted on appropriate bulletin boards.

6.5 safety suggestions

Safety suggestion forms will be made available to employees. A sample form is included at the end of this document (see Appendix A-4).

Suggestions can be made on any injury/illness prevention related item such as work place hazards, unhealthful or unsafe actions, new training topics, equipment purchases or modifications, new work procedures or rearranging the workplace. The individual making the suggestions may identify themselves or make the suggestions anonymously. Completed suggestion forms will be sent to the respective foreman who will route them to the Safety Director for review, response and action.

7.1 goals

The goals for the inspection and hazard-reporting program are:

• Eliminate or control unhealthy/unsafe acts or conditions before they result in an injury/illness or an exposure that may produce an injury/illness and/or property damage.
• Encourage employee participation in hazard detection and control activities.
• Provide a system for employees to formally report hazards and make suggestions without the fear of reprisal.

7.2 office and job site inspections

Foremen will conduct inspections to document unhealthy/unsafe conditions and/or work practices. Inspections will be completed:

• At the introduction of this program
• Whenever a new work site is opened
• Whenever a work site is moved to a new phase
• Whenever a new process is introduced into the work site
• Whenever new chemicals are introduced into the work site
• Whenever a previously unidentified hazard is recognized
• Weekly thereafter if no changes occur

Inspection reports will be reviewed by the Safety Director and/or Chief Operating Officer and retained for three (3) years. Sample inspection report forms are provided at the end of this document (see Appendix A-2).

7.3 recognized hazards

Any unhealthful or unsafe condition observed by an employee shall be reported to the foreman, preferably in writing.

If appropriate, the work in the area will be halted until the hazard can be corrected or controlled. In cases where limited authority or resources prevent prompt remedial action, the hazard shall be made temporarily healthful or safe until a permanent correction of the problem can be implemented.

The foreman is responsible for initially investigating the problem, evaluating the situation and implementing prompt corrective action. In the event that the foreman determines that the corrective action is beyond their authority, the foreman shall notify the Safety Director for assistance in evaluating the condition and implementing corrective action.

When the foreman has immediately corrected a situation, stabilized a situation or requested help to correct a situation, he/she will document the situation and send it to Safety Director for review, follow-up and filing. Documentation will be kept for a period of three (3) years.

7.4 cal/osha inspections

Without notice, an OSHA Compliance Officer may inspect facilities for compliance. If that should occur, the foreman will immediately notify the Safety Director and Chief Operating Officer at the main office. Best Contracting Services, Inc. will not impede or interfere with a compliance officer’s inspection. The foreman shall rectuest of the Compliance Officer to wait no more than one hour to allow for the Safety Director and/or the Chief Operating Officer to travel to the job site and accompany the Compliance Officer.

8.1 new employee iipp orientation training

Prior to commencing work, new employees will receive a New Hire Orientation. New hires will receive whatever job specific training is necessary from their foreman when they first report for work. The New Hire llPP Orientation Checklist (see Appendix A) will be used to ensure appropriate subjects and job hazards are covered.

Training topics include but are not limited to:

• An explanation of the Injury and Illness Prevention Program Emergency procedures
• Incident, injury and hazard reporting procedures
• Rules and procedures for the job site
• Common hazards of the job
• Hazards specific to the job

Once completed, the New Hire llPP Orientation Checklist is maintained in the employee’s individual training record file.

8.2 refresher training

Re-training in some subjects will be presented annually. The foreman or other qualified source will usually present the training. See Section 8.7 for subjects requiring annual refresher training.

During the annual audit the foreman may identify areas where trends exist that indicate a need for re-training. Accident analysis may also identify trends that can be addressed through re-training and the foreman will implement the re-training process.

8.3 temporary employee

All employees, regardless of full or part-time, exempt or non-exempt status, should receive initial, job specific training before beginning work. At a minimum, temporary employees should be trained by their foreman in the llPP, Code of Safe Practices and the following:

• Personal protective equipment needed to complete the job tasks, including eye protection, gloves, safety clothing, etc.
• Specific hazards associated with the job assignments
• Injury and illness reporting
• Evacuation and emergency procedures

8.4 transfers

When an employee is transferred to another job site, the employee must receive relative orientation. This should generally involve evacuation and local disaster related information for the new site such orientation must be documented.

8.5 new processes or equipment

Prior to inception of a new process, procedure or equipment, all employees who may be exposed will be trained in the hazards of the new process or procedure plus the methods to operate the equipment in a safe manner. The training may consist of classroom training, on-site instruction, and hands-on training. Foreman, consultants, or other qualified persons may conduct the training. The training should be documented and retained in the employee’s training file.

8.6 training documentation

All injury, illness and safety related training must be documented. The subject matter must be outlined in writing and kept on file. Documentation must minimally include the following:

• Date(s) of the training
• The trainer’s name
• Topic covered
• Employee’s name

Training records must be kept on file for three (3) years in the employee’s training file.

8.7 training topics

Foremen and the Safety Director are responsible for evaluating employee training needs and training capabilities. The potential hazards and exposures inherent in the employee’s assigned position/task determine the training that an employee receives.

Regular employees are required to have training in the following subjects:

• Injury and Illness Prevention Program and Code of Safe Practices
• Hazard Communication Program and Material Safety Data Sheets
• Basic ergonomics
• Office safety procedures (office employees only)
• Emergency Response Plan
• Fire Protection Prevention Plan

9.1 inspections

Records for physical inspections will be maintained for a period of three (3) years. Types of inspections to be documented include but are not limited to:

• Fire and safety inspections
• Equipment safety inspections
• Workplace llPP inspections
• Accident investigation inspections
• Reported suspect hazard inspections

9.2 employee training records

A safety and training file, other than the official personnel file, will be kept for each employee. The log will contain documentation of the training provided to the individual pertaining to their job assignment. Specific job training or education and any llPP training will be included. These records are kept for as long as the person is employed. If the individual transfers from one site to another, this file should be noted. If the employee leaves Best Contracting Services, Inc. employment, the records should be kept for a period of one year, and then destroyed.

9.3 hazards correction records

Documentation of hazard correction activity will be maintained at the respective job site for the duration of that particular job. The file will be sent to the main office after the job has been completed.

10.1 work related injuries illnesses

Regardless of the degree of injury/illness, employees must report a work-related illness or injury to their foreman as soon as possible but no later than 24 hours after the injury or illness occurs or is diagnosed. This includes those injuries/illnesses requiring minor first aid. Any employee who fails to report an injury/illness is subject to disciplinary action.

The foreman normally is the first person to be notified of an incident. The immediate responsibility is to:

1. See that the injured/ill employee receives prompt medical attention.
2. Secure the area, if necessary, to prevent further mishap.
3. Report the incident in writing to the Best Contracting Services, Inc. main office.

Once an injury or illness is reported, the main office must complete the following:

1. Provide the “Employee’s Claim for Workers’ Compensation Benefits“ form within 24 hours. This form explains the employee’s rights under the workers’ compensation laws of the state. If the employee is not present, this form must be mailed via certified letter or delivered in person within 24 hours.
2. Complete the “Employer’s First Report of Occupational Injury or Illness form.
3. Coordinate with the respective job site all medical treatment and return-to-work steps.
4. Keep the foreman informed regardin9 the injury status, related work restrictions, insurance matters, and return to work date, etc.

10.2 off the job injuries/illnesses

Off-the-job incidents/illnesses are to be reported when an employee is absent from work or cannot perform the normal job duties. The employee must contact the foreman and explain the nature of the incident and how long they will be absent from work. The employee should provide a written confirmation of “limited work” status from their private physician or health practitioner to their respective foreman.

10.3 employee return to work after injury illness

Any employee who is treated by a doctor and cannot return to full work status due to an injury or illness is required to obtain a written doctor’s release before returning to work. This also applies to employees released for modified duty work. The employee must provide a “Physician’s Notice of Return to Work or Medical Restrictions” form to their respective foreman. The form must accompany the employee on each visit for medical treatment or a workers’ compensation injury or illness. The main office will monitor and advise the respective foreman of the pending return to work status.

10.4 employee incident investigation

After any work related injury or illness is reported, the foreman will investigate the incident. The purpose of the investigation is to provide information for determining the cause(s) of the incident and what can be done to prevent recurrence. Foremen should provide an investigation report in confidential format to the main office within 24 hours of the accident or when the employee reported the injury.

11.1 osha recordkeeping and reporting

Injury/Illness Logs (OSHA No. 300 Log)
OSHA requires that logs be maintained for all occupational injuries and illnesses as they are reported. The main Best Contracting Services, Inc. office will record information about every occupational death, every non-fatal occupational injury that involves one or more of the following: loss of consciousness, restriction of work or motion, transfer to another job, or medical treatment other than first aid.

First aid is any one-time treatment, and any follow-up visit, for the purpose of observation, minor scratches, cuts, burns, splinter, and so forth, which do not ordinarily require medical care. Such one-time treatment, and follow-up visit for the purpose of observation, is considered first aid even though provided by a physician or registered professional personnel.

It is vital that accurate entries are made within two (2) days of receiving knowledge of an employee injury or illness. The main Best Contracting Services, Inc. otfice maintains the OSHA No. 300 Log for all job sites. These are kept on file for five (5) years.

Annual In¡ury/Illness Summaries
OSHA regulations require that the OSHA No. 300 Log be summarized annually and posted in the main office for the month of February. Information on the summarized OSHA No. 300 Log should be from the previous calendar year.

OSHA Record Keeping Information
OSHA record keeping information can be obtained from the regional OSHA office as can record keeping booklets and the Log and Summary of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (OSHA No. 300 Log). The regional office address can be found in the local Yellow Pages under “Government.”

Special Reporting Requirements
OSHA requires employers to immediately report by telephone to the nearest regional office, any serious injury or illness, or death, of an employee occurring in a place of employment or in connection with any employment.

Immediately means as soon as practically possible but not longer than eight (8) hours after the employer knows or with diligent inquiry, would have known of the death or serious injury or illness.

A serious injury or illness is defined as “any injury or illness occurring in a place of employment or in connection with any employment which requires inpatient hospitalization for a period in excess of twenty-four (24) hours for other than medical observation or in which an employee suffers loss of any member of the body or any serious degree of permanent disfigurement.” Serious injury or illness does not include any injury, illness, or death caused by commission of a Penal Code violation, or an accident on a public street or highway. A death resulting from a vehicle collision need not be reported by telephone, even though work- related.

12.1 earthquake preparedness

This information is provided to help prepare for a major earthquake. In order to minimize the effects of a major earthquake, we must all evaluate ahead of time what actions should be taken.

1. During an Earthquake
• Remain calm. Don’t panic or run. Stay where you are. Most injuries occur when people are entering or leaving buildings. Do not rush away from buildinqs or structures. Wait until the shocks stop, then carefully leave the area to designated assembly areas.
• If you are indoors, stay there and take cover under a sturdy desk or table, if possible. Cover your head with your arms and try to hold onto the desk, table, etc., to keep it stationary.
• Stay away from windows, mirror and glass doors.
• Watch for falling plaster, ceiling tiles, falling light fixtures, pictures, mirrors, free standing file cabinets or equipment. Stay out of lobbies.
• If you are outside, stay there. Stay away from the buildings, poles, television aerials, roof ornaments, chimneys, high masonry walls, and glass and power lines. Do not get between cars.
• If you are in a vehicle, pull over and stop in an open area away from bridges, overpasses, power lines, buildings, and other hazards. Remain in the vehicle until the tremors are over.
• In an earthquake, the elevators should go to the next floor and stop, and the doors should open. Get off and move to a safe place. Do not stay in the elevator.
2. After an Earthquake
• Check for injured or missing people. Obtain medical aid, if necessary.
• When it is safe to leave the building, move carefully to the designated assembly area. Do not enter damaged buildings until they have been declared safe.
• If a building is damaged, make sure the gas and electricity are turned off.
• If there is a fire, put it out only if you are not in personal danger. Use proper fire extinguishing equipment.
• Do not use the telephone and return all handsets to their cradle immediately. If they are working, they will be needed for emergency communications.
• If you are in a vehicle, watch for hazards created by the earthquake, such as fallen or falling objects, downed electrical wires, or broken or undermined roadways. Do not attempt to cross bridges or overpasses.
• Be prepared for aftershocks.

12.2 electrical safety

Exposure to electrical hazards can result in electrical shock, electrocution, and possibly death. The following procedures have been developed to minimize the potential for injury due to electrical hazards:

• Do not use any electrical equipment with frayed or otherwise deteriorated insulation. Black electrical tape may not be used to cover these defects.
• All extension cords should be limited in their use and replaced when conditions show signs of wear, mechanical damage, and deterioration.
• Cords shall not be wrapped or attached in any manner to walks, floors, or machines. Extension cords shall not run through walls, doorways or through windows.
• Do not run extension cords across roadways or other areas in which they may be run over by vehicles or other moving objects.
• Excessive scraping, kinking and stretching will cause damage to power cables and cause premature failures and possible shock or burns. Inspect cords for broken insulation before usage.
• Ground wires or prongs leading from electrical apparatus must not be disconnected or broken. Only extension cords with a ground and/or GFI should be used with electric apparatus/tools that have a ground.
• Avoid use of extension cords in areas where they create a tripping hazard. Do not drag cords over sharp edges or run cables across aisles.
• All electrical wire must be considered live until proven otherwise.
• Work areas should be kept free of loose electric and telephone wires. Such wires should be placed along wall baseboards or in cord guards.
• “Octopus” electrical connections should be avoided through use of fused outlet strips.
• Pull the plug instead of yanking the cords. Never remove a cord if it is in use. Electricity can jump across exposed prongs in the plug.
• Fire extinguishers that have been approved for electrical fires must be kept in appropriate areas.
• In the case of overheating, sparking or smoking motors, wiring, and other electrical equipment, turn off the power and report the condition. Damaged equipment should be secured with a lockout or tag out device until repaired.
• Never put your hands inside an electrical panel while the main power is still on.
• All machines should be grounded with a three-prong plug or be double insulated.
• Ground leads provided on electrical apparatus must not be disconnected or broken.
• Shock, no matter how slight, is a warning that something is wrong. Tag the equipment and have it checked before reusing. Do not use broken equipment.
• Personal heaters are not authorized without prior, appropriate approval.

12.3 fire extinguisher use

A fire extinguisher is effective only if it is used properly. The following steps for operating a fire extinguisher are:

• Grasp the carrying handle firmly but do not depress the discharge lever.
• Remove the safety pin with a twisting motion.
• Point the extinguisher hose at the base of the fire and depress the discharge lever.
• Use a side-to-side sweeping motion at the base of the fire.

In the event that circumstances require the use of CO2 or halon fire extinguishers in enclosed spaces, extreme caution must be exercised to ensure that no one enters the enclosed space until the CO2 or halon has been expelled by ventilation.

A CO2 or ABC multipurpose fire extinguisher should be used on electrical fires. Foam, soda acid or water type fire extinguishers must not be used to fight electrical fires.

12.4 fire-prevention

Fires can be prevented by orderly planning, sensible arrangement of potential fire-producing activities and good housekeeping.

The following procedures are established:

• No open flames or smoking are permitted in any Best Contracting Services, Inc. office or job trailer and on job sites, only in designated areas.
• Never store flammable or combustible liquids in open containers.
• Approved safety cans with proper labeling must be used to handle, store and dispense small quantities of flammable or combustible liquids.
• Know the location of fire extinguishers and how to use them. After use of an extinguisher, report such use immediately to the foreman so a replacement may be obtained or the extinguisher can be recharged. This incident must be reported and investigated by the foreman.
• Electric heaters must be properly guarded and located. No clothing or combustible material must be stored in close proximity to any electric heater in such a manner as to permit ignition.
• Exit signs and directional exit signs, when required, must be properly maintained. Exit doors must be unlocked when the building is occupied. Maintain exit routes unobstructed at all times. Know the exit routes from the building.
• Passageways and work areas around fire fighting equipment must be kept unobstructed at all times.
• Report all fires, no matter how small, promptly to the fire department by calling posted emergency phone numbers. Do not risk your life in trying to extinguish a fire that is out of control.
• Observe “No Smoking” regulations where posted.

12.5 housekeeping

Housekeeping is a continuous process of keeping the workplace free of debris and other hazards. Housekeeping practices will be part of scheduled inspections to identify workplace hazards. It is the responsibility of every employee to observe good housekeeping practices at all times.

• Keep work areas clean and orderly.
• Store all equipment and supplies in their proper place.
• Wipe up all spills or notify your foreman if additional help is needed.
• Place trash in the proper containers.
• Maintain stairways, exits, aisles, electrical equipment, fire extinguishers, and all other emergency equipment so that they are clear and unobstructed.
• Report broken or damaged lights, stairs, railings, and flooring to the foreman.
• Do not store supplies on top of lockers, boxes, or other moveable containers at a height where they are not visible from the floor.
• Do not place extension cords, phone cords, hoses, etc., across aisles or traffic paths unless properly guarded and approved for use.

12.6 lead containing material

Employees may encounter lead during various work tasks. Materials that may contain lead include paint, pipe and soil. Procedures for handling lead containing materials include:

• Under no circumstance are personnel to disturb or attempt removal, repair or clean up of known or suspected lead containing materials.
• Request evaluation of suspected lead or report lead problems to the respective foreman.
• All employees working with and around lead containing materials must practice strict personal hygiene, which includes washing of the hands, arms, face and any other exposed part of the body.

12.7 lifting and carrying procedures

Proper lifting and carrying techniques minimize back injuries. General rules pertaining to lifting and carrying include:

• Loads are to be kept close to the body.
• Bend the knees slightly and maintain the back’s natural curves.
• If it is necessary to turn while carrying an object or individual, move the position of the feet and do not twist the trunk of the body.

• Lifting
1. Size up the load – Observe the load position and surrounding hazards. Get help, if needed.
2. Stand as close to the load as possible. Spread your feet, either parallel or one in front of the other. Move in the direction of the lift. This will control your center of gravity and give you better balance.
3. Take a secure grip. Injuries have occurred when loads slip/fall due to inadequate grip.
4. Face in the direction of the lift with knees and hips bent. Widen base as needed. Tighten abdominal muscles, breathe and lift.
5. Keep weight close to the body. The elbows should be kept close to the body. Use leg and hip muscles and not the back.
6. Bend hips and knees while lifting and maintain the back’s natural curves.
7. When reaching for an object overhead, grip it with palms up and lower the object slowly. On the way down, keep the object close to the body.
8. Watch out for protruding objects, sharp edges, etc.
9. Keep fingers away from pinch points.
10. Wear protective gloves as necessary.
11. Use available hand trucks, etc.
• Carryinq
1. Maintain your back’s natural curves whenever possible.
2. Keep weight load close to the body and centered over your pelvis.
3. Counterbalance your load by shifting part of your body in the opposite direction from the load so your load will be in balance.
4. Put your load down by bending the hips and knees with your back in “neutral“ position, and the load close to the body.
5. If the load is too heavy, get help.
6. When the load is carried by more than one person, allow one individual to be the leader for good timing and coordination.

12.8 medical emergencies

Employees should be aware of the location of telephones or cellular telephones in the event that an emergency medical situation arises.

The following guidelines should be used in the event of a medical emergency:

1. Seek professional medical attention for personnel bleeding severely, experiencing intense pain, are unconscious or have stopped breathing by calling 911.
2. If chemicals or dust get in eyes, flush them with water for at least 15 minutes. Continue to flush eyes until medical attention arrives.
3. Do not remove objects that are lodged in the eye.
4. Always seek medical attention for eye injuries.
5. All burns (chemical or thermal) should be treated by running cool water over the affected area until emergency medical personnel arrive.
6. Report all injuries to the foreman immediately.
7. CPR and first aid should only be administered by a trained, certified person.

Best Contracting Services, Inc. employees are encouraged to seek training for their personal benefit from licensed training sources but such training is not required by Best Contracting Services, Inc. except for foremen.

It is Best Contracting Services, Inc. position that fire service emergency medical services are usually available within ten minutes response time to all sites. Therefore, Best Contracting Services, Inc. do not require any employee to be trained in first aid and/or CPR except foremen. If foremen are exposed to persons who are infected with communicable disease, the Best Contracting Services, Inc. Bloodborne Pathogen Program found in the llPP Appendix will be implemented.

If an employee has reason to believe that an injured person they are or have assisted may have been exposed to a communicable disease, the employee must report the incident to their foreman who will arrange for appropriate exposure follow-up care.

12.9 motor vehicle safety

The operation of a motor vehicle poses great risk of worker injury and exposure to public liability claims. Best Contracting Services, Inc. employees shall conform to the Fleet Safety program found in the Appendices section of the llPP. Within this program, it is required that all employees who operate a vehicle on company business have a valid driver’s license, exercise the highest degree of care when operating their vehicle, and also requires strict conformance to all motor vehicle laws. Smoking is not permitted in any Best Contracting Services, Inc. vehicle.

Employees will not be allowed to operate a Best Contracting Services, Inc. leased or owned vehicle, or their own vehicle on company business, iT their license is currently under suspension or expired. Any employee who appears to be under the influence of an intoxicating substance will not be allowed to operate a vehicle for company business or related purposes.

For the safety of Best Contracting Services, Inc. employees, and in compliance with the California State Vehicle Codes, Best Contracting Services, Inc. requires all employees to wear seat belts while driving or while a passenger in a motor vehicle while on company business. The use of seat belts in their personal vehicles is also encouraged.

Mechanical defects in company vehicles leased or owned, will be promptly repaired by a proper service facility. It is the responsibility of the employee to ensure that their assigned vehicle is in safe operating condition at all times. No employee will drive a vehicle in an unsafe condition. Cell phones should not be used while the vehicle is moving. The vehicle should be pulled over and stopped.

12.10 personal protective equipment (ppe)

Best Contracting Services, Inc. provides a variety of PPE for the protection of our employees. Use of this equipment is mandatory where indicated by the Code of Safe Practices, specific operations or procedures. Failure to use this PPE may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination. All employees will be provided with safety glasses (or oversize safety wear to fit over prescription glasses), hard hats, and hearing protection. Employees are to take suitable care of all PPE issued to them and at time of employment separation may be required to return any PPE purchased by the company.

Employees are encouraged to wear safety boots. Shoes of substantial construction are mandatory. Gloves in most instances are also recommended.

Field and job site personnel will adhere to client rules regarding the use of personnel protective equipment at job site facilities. Best Contracting Services, Inc. will provide for all employees, at no cost to the employee, all required personal protective equipment. If any client has specific requirements for PPE which requires medical evaluation or certification (such as audio-metric testing or pulmonary function testing), it is the responsibility of the respective foreman to determine the needs and requirements and arrange for these services.

The following guidelines apply to the use and provision of PPE:

1. Each foreman with Safety Monitor assistance will:
1. Evaluate all tasks to determine if there is a need for the employee to wear PPE. The evaluation process must be documented and should consider the following:
   
   Employees working in locations where there is a risk of receiving eye injuries as a result of contact with flying particles, hazardous substances, projections or injurious light rays which are inherent in the work or environment must be safeguarded by means of face or eye protection.
   
   Hand protection is required for employees whose work involves unusual and excessive exposure to cuts, burns, harmful physical or chemical agents which are encountered and capable of causing injury or impairments or illness.
2. Select the PPE that meets ANSI standards and Cal/OSHA guidelines for the nature of the work performed.
3. Maintain an updated list of activities requiring the use and the type of PPE needed.
4. Provide the PPE that has been selected.
5. Train employees on the proper fit, use and care of PPE and enforce the use and maintenance of the PPE.
6. Document training and maintain the records for no less than three (3) years.
7. Assure the adequacy of employee-owned equipment in accordance with ANSI standards and OSHA guidelines.
2. All employees wearing PPE will:
1. Wear PPE as instructed.
2. Take suitable care of all PPE.
3. Conduct appropriate equipment checks.
4. Immediately report any defects or ineffective equipment to their foreman.
3. Foremen will:
1. Ensure construction activities do not knowingly expose unprotected employees to unsafe conditions or environments.
2. Enforce use of PPE as required.
3. Advise employees about disciplinary action related to noncompliance with this directive.
4. The Vice President of Operations and Safety Director will:
1. Keep foremen advised of federal and state regulations for use of PPE.
2. Identify appropriate resources for equipment and training materials and ensure availability for training purposes. Review training documents annually for accuracy and achieve 100% participation by employees required to use PPE.

12.11 workplace ergonomics

The following two sub-sections address the most commonly found ergonomic exposures in Best Contracting Services, Inc. controlled work environments.

Procedures to Prevent Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMIs) — Job Site and Office

1. How to Reduce Repetitive Motion injury
• Learn and use safe material handling techniques. Avoid awkward work positions, which strain the body.
• Stretch shoulders, elbows, wrists and fingers before, during and after work. Warmed up muscles and ligaments are less susceptible to injury when performing strenuous work.
• Lift, move and carry objects with the entire hand using a firm and proper palm grip. Avoid using a pinch grip with just the fingers. Remember to vary your grip to avoid over-stressing the same muscle tissue.
• Exercise. Regular activity of your muscles and joints readies them for work. Consult your physician before starting an exercise program.
• Use smooth, efficient motions in your work. Your muscles and joints don’t like surprises any more than you do.
• When performing a task that requires the repelitive use of a hand, change hands whenever possible to spread the work.
2. Flexibility exercises
• Finger stretch: Spread the fingers of both hands as far apart as possible and hold the position for five seconds. Repeat at least three times.
• Thumb stretch: Extend one hand in front of you and with the other hand gently pull the thumb down and back until you feel the stretch. Hold for five seconds and repeat three times. Then do the same with the other hand.
• Wrist circle: With both arms outstretched, draw a circle with your fingertips. Do five movements to the left and then five to the right.
• Wrist curl: Drop one hand downward from the wrist. Using the palm of the other hand, push gently against the dropped hand until you feel the pressure. Hold for five seconds and repeat up to three times. Then change hands and repeat the exercise. This stretches the muscles in the back of the forearm.
• Wrist extension: Hold one hand in front of you with the fingers pointing up. Press the palm against the other hand, holding the position for about five seconds. Relax and repeat twice more. This will stretch the muscles in the front of the forearm.
3. Strength Exercises
• Hand grip: Squeeze something such as a dry sponge as many times as possible. This will develop hand and finger muscles. Try to do 20 to 30 continuous repetitions with each hand.
• Thumb squeeze: With a ball in the palm of your hand, press the ball toward the fingers with your thumb. Don’t press the ball with your fingers. Just hold it in place with the fingers and do all the pressing with the thumb. The purpose is to develop thumb muscles.
• Wrist curl: Place you right arm on the right thigh with the hand hanging in front of the kneecap, palm up. Grasp the palm with your left hand. Then, while applying pressure with the left hand, attempt to curl the right hand upward without raising your forearm off your thigh. Do the same thing on the left side. This exercise will develop the wrist flexor muscles.
• Wrist extension: Place your right arm on your right thigh with the palm of the hand facing down. Place your left hand over the back of your right hand. Again, while applying pressure with the left hand, raise the right hand upward. Repeat for the left side. This exercise develops the wrist extensor muscle.
4. Computer Workstations
• Maintain good posture when working at your workstation. See to it that there is good support for your hands and forearms when you are typing. You should be able to rest them on a tabletop, a wrist rest or the arms of your chair.
• Maintain the VDT directly in front of you when working.
• Perform daily exercises for the wrist, neck, eyes, arms, shoulders, wrist, fingers and back when working with VDTs.
• Take regular breaks, even for a minute or two to do daily exercises. Get up and move around. Avoid remaining in the same position for long periods of time.
• Keep the top of the screen at 0 to 60 degrees below horizontal, at eye level.
• Keep the space below and under the desk clear of obstructions.
• Allow for sufficient workspace at your workstation.
• Use a chair with an adjustable seat, back and height, adjustable or removable arm rests, and with chair-back cushions.
• Keep the keyboard at elbow height and at a comfortable distance from your body. Do not extend with your arms to reach the keyboard or mouse.
• Ensure the front edge of the keyboard or support surface is rounded and/or padded.
• Use workstations that are adjustable with multiple keyboard heights as needed.
• Use or request document holders, additional back support, foot rests, wrist rests and telephone headsets as needed.
• Use or request anti-glare screens/hoods for display terminals, noise reducing guards (for printers) and adequate lighting as needed.
• Make sure your chair is adjusted so you can sit with your feet flat on the floor and your thighs parallel to the floor.
• While keying, try to avoid bending your wrists for any lengthy period of time.
• Don’t hit the keys too hard. Develop a light touch and adjust the keyboard appropriately.

12.12 workplace violence

Violence in the workplace has become a national problem and employees should be aware that workplace violence can come from fellow workers, former workers and the general public.

If confronted with a potentially violent person:

• Remain calm.
• Ask someone else to get assistance (call 911). Do not leave the agitated person unless you feel threa1ened.
• Observe the person carefully.
• Concentrate on the person and listen intently.
• Speak at a normal pace and volume. Do not raise your voice.
• Do not argue with the person.
• Express empathy and understanding but do not make commitments beyond your scope of authority or capabilities.
• Be aware of your body positions and facial expressions. Do not cross your arms across your chest, roll your eyes or grimace.
• If possible, direct the person into a private area away from others.

12.13 handtool safety

Each job site has hand tools that can cause injury. The following general rules, as well as those found in the Code of Safe Practices must be followed:

• Safety glasses/goggles or face shields must be worn when operating with or in the vicinity of hand tool operations.
• Keep tools in good condition and use the right tool for the job.
• Store tools with the cutting edge protected.
• Keep your “off hand” out of danger. Work-holding devices are to be used whenever possible.
• Do not cut toward your body or your other hand.
• Never use any tool in such a way that you will be injured if it slips. Think about your movements and position your body accordingly.
• Do not use the tool if you are not physically or mentally capable.
• Never attempt to repair or adjust any equipment unless you are knowledgeable.

12.14 lockout/tag out equipment

Before any attempt to adjust, repair or re-fill any energized equipment is made, the power source MUST be secured and turned off and a proper tag affixed per the company Lockout-Tag out Program provided in the llPP Appendix. The following basic procedures apply:

• All energy sources (electrical, hydraulic, and pneumatic) must be de-energized, then tagged or locked out for the safety of employees when repairing or servicing equipment.
• Tags or locks will be used to prevent the inadvertent start-up of machinery that can cause serious injuries.
• If locks are not used, notification tags, four-by-six inch sturdy paper or plastic signs, will be placed on the equipment being maintained or repaired. Captions state “Machine under Repair” or words with similar intent.
• Only after the repair, adjustment or re-filling process is safely completed will the lock or tag be removed. The power will be turned on only when all employees are clear. The involved equipment will be tested for safe operation before it is returned to normal service.
• Only qualified employees will be permitted to service, repair or adjust equipment and only these employees are permitted to remove the tag or lock once repairs, etc. have been completed.

12.15 bloodborne pathogens

Employees through the normal course of their assigned duties are not expected to be exposed or potentially exposed to infectious body fluids from other persons. If this occurs in an emergency, the foreman will ensure that the involved employee receives proper medical care and follow-up. The company Bloodborne Pathogen Program is provided in the llPP Appendix. Foremen, having formal first aid training, will use universal precautions to prevent exposure to body fluids when treating injured employees.

12.16 hazard communication

Employees will be notified of any hazardous materials that they may encounter in the course of their duties while on a job site or in the main office. Best Roofing and Waterproofing, Inc. employees will be trained in the hazards associated with the material, if any, including proper handling procedures and how to read a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). This is in accordance with the company Hazard Communication Program found in the llPP Appendix.

12.17 hearing conservation and protection

Employees will wear hearing protection when operations and use of noise producing equipment cause noise levels to exceed 85 dba. Hearing protection is provided by the company and the job site foreman has a supply of hearing protectors. The company Hearing Conservation Program is found in the llPP Appendix.

12.18 substance abuse policy

Best Contracting Services, Inc. maintains a zero tolerance for substance abuse by any employee at any company place of work or while operating a vehicle on company business. The conditions of the company policy are provided in the llPP Appendix.

13.1 overview and objectives

Employees, who work in outdoor places of employment or on job tasks in other areas at those times when the environmental risk factors for heat illness are present, are at risk for developing heat illnesses if they do not protect themselves appropriately. The objective of this program is employee awareness regarding heat illness symptoms, ways to prevent illness, and what to do if symptoms occur.

13.2 scope

The Best Contracting Services, Inc. Heat Illness Prevention Program applies to the control of risk of occurrence of heat illness and applies to all outdoor places of employment at those times when the environmental risk factors for heat illness are present.

13.3 policy

It is the policy of Best Contracting Services, Inc. that any employee participating in job tasks when environmental risk factors for heat illness are present will comply with the procedures in this document as well as the Injury and Illness Prevention Program.

13.4 purpose

To ensure that all employees of Best Contracting Services, Inc. are protected from heat illness while working on job tasks where environmental risk factors for heat illness are present and to establish the minimum requirements for working in this environment.

13.5 definitions

The term “acclimatization” means temporary adaptation of the body to work in the heat that occurs gradually when a person is exposed to it. Acclimatization peaks in most people within four to fourteen days of regular work for about two hours per day in the heat.

“Environmental risk factors for heat illness” means working conditions that create the possibility that heat illness could occur, including air temperature, relative humidity, radiant heat from the sun and other sources, conductive heat sources such as the ground, air movement, workload severity and duration, protective clothing and personnel protective equipment worn by employees.

The term “heat illness” means a serious medical condition resulting from the body’s inability to cope with a particular heat load, and includes heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, and heat stroke.

“Personal risk factors for heat illness” means factors such as an individual’s age, degree of acclimatization, health, water consumption, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption, and use of prescription medications that affect the body’s water retention or other physiological responses to heat.

“Preventative recovery period” means a period of time to recover from the heat in order to prevent heat illness.

The term “shade” means blockage of direct sunlight. Canopies, umbrellas, and other temporary structures or devices may be used to provide shade. One indicator that blockage is sufficient is when objects do not cast a shadow in the area of blocked sunlight. Shade is not adequate when heat in the area of shade defeats the purpose of shade, which is to allow the body to cool. For example, a car sitting in the sun does not provide acceptable shade to a person inside it, unless the car is running with air conditioning.

13.6 responsibilities

Best Contracting Services, Inc. management is responsible for:

1. Preparing and maintaining this written program, which complies with the requirements of all applicable Cal/OSHA requirements.
2. Assisting with providing training to all potentially impacted employees and their supervisors on the risks and prevention of heat illness, including how to recognize symptoms and respond when they appear.
3. Identifying all employees who are required to work outdoors where potential heat illness could occur and identifying the supervisor of the employees.
4. Assuring that adequate water and shade are available at a job site when the environmental risk factors for heat illness are present.
5. Ensuring that all affected employees have received proper training on heat illness prevention.
6. Ensuring that the requirements in this document are followed.

Affected employees are responsible for:

1. Complying with the provisions of the Heat Illness Prevention Program, as described in this document and in the training sessions they attend.
2. Ensuring that they drink adequate amounts of water, which will be available to them at all times when the environmental risk factors for heat illness are present.
3. Ensuring that they use the company provided shaded area to prevent or recover from heat related illness symptoms, if they are experiencing any symptoms.
4. Reporting heat related illness symptoms to their supervisor.

13.7 basic requirements

The following basic requirements apply to all employees while working where environmental risk factors for heat illness are present.

• Training shall be provided for all potentially impacted employees and their supervisors working where environmental risk factors for heat illness are present. Training information shall include but not be limited to the topics listed in the training section of this written program. All potentially impacted employees and supervisors who supervise these employees must be trained on the risks and prevention of heat illness, including how to recognize symptoms and respond when they appear.
• Drinking water in the quantity of 1 quart per hour shall be available at all times for employees who work outdoors in the heat.
• Employees must have access to a shaded area to prevent or recover from heat illness symptoms.
• All employees, who are required to work where environmental factors for heat illness are present, must have adequate training to comply with the regulatory requirements.

13.8 training

Provision of Water

The following checklist will be used if drinking water containers are used to provide water to employees:

• Depending on the crew size, the Foreman will bring the required number of drinking water containers (coolers) to the site, so that at least 2 quarts of water per employee is available at the start of the shift. Water will be replenished as the day progresses to ensure that 1 quart of water per hour per employee is provided.
• The Foreman will bring disposable cups and the necessary cup dispensers to the job site in sufficient quantity to ensure that enough disposable cups are available for each worker and that they are kept clean until used and disposed of properly.
• To ensure that water levels in the coolers stay full, the Foreman will check the water level of all containers at morning break, lunch break and afternoon break. Water levels will be checked more frequently when the temperature exceeds 90 Degrees F. When the water level within a container drops below half, the container will be refilled with cool water. To accomplish this task, potable water on site (if available) will be used. If there is no potable water on site, the Foreman will bring additional water to the site to replace the water in the containers as needed.
• When the temperature exceeds 90 Degrees F, the Foreman will carry ice in separale containers to the more remote jobsites, so that when necessary, ice can be added to the drinking water to keep it sufficiently cool. For jobsites located near stores that sell bagged ice, the Foreman may opt to purchase ice to add to the coolers as needed to keep the water sufficiently cool. If the Foreman does nol have a company credit card, the company will reimburse the Foreman’s expenses for purchasing bagged ice, additional water and/or disposable cups to ensure that sufficient amounts of water are available to the crew on the jobsite.
• The Foreman will check the jobsite and place the water as close as possible to the workers, usually in the break areas.
• The Foreman will ensure that the water containers are relocated as work progresses around the roof or work area, so that drinking water will always be readily accessible to the crew.
• The Foreman (or other employee assigned by the company) will be responsible for cleaning the water containers and ensuring that they are kept in sanitary condition. All necessary cleaning supplies will be provided by the company.
• Each day, the Foreman will point out the location of water coolers to the crew and remind them to drink water frequently throughout the day. When the temperature exceeds or is expected to exceed 90 Degrees F, the Foreman will hold a brief ‘tailgate’ meeting each morning to review with the crew the importance of drinking water frequently, the number and schedule of water and rest breaks and the signs and symptoms of heat illness.
• The Foreman will remind the crew frequently to drink water.
• When the temperature equals or exceeds 95 Degrees F, or during a heat wave, the company’s High Heat Procedures will be followed. The Foreman will increase the number of water breaks, and will remind workers throughout the work shift to drink plenty of water.
• During employee training, the importance of frequent drinking of water will be stressed.

*Note: Bottled Water Requirements for Employers. Should the Foreman elect to provide water to employees using bottled water, the water must be kept sufficiently cool in ice chests or through other effective means. At least two quarts of water per employee must be provided at the beginning of the work day. Water and ice must be replenished as needed throughout the day to maintain sufficient amounts.

Access to Shade

Where there is not a designated shade area available on the jobsite, each Foreman will bring an adequate number of shade structures to the site to accommodate at least 25 percent of the employees on the shift, as well as chairs, benches, sheets, towels or any other items to allow employees to sit and rest comfortably. Chairs, benches, etc. are not required when other acceptable sources of shade, such as trees are available. Note: The interior of a vehicle may not be used to provide shade unless the vehicle is air-conditioned and the air conditioner is running.

Where there is not a designated shade area available on the jobsite and the temperature equals or exceeds 85 Degrees F, the Foreman will ensure that the shade structures are opened and placed as close as practical to the workers.

Where there is not a designated shade area available on the jobsite and the temperature is below 85 Degrees F, the shade structures will be brought to the site, but not immediately erected. They will instead be readily available to be opened and set in place upon the worker(s) request.

Where there is not a designated shade area available on the jobsite, each day the Foreman will point out the location of the shade structures to the workers, as well as allow and encourage employees to take a 5 minute cool-down rest in the shade whenever they feel the need to do so to protect themselves from heat illness.

Where there is not a designated shade area available on the jobsite, the Foreman will ensure that the shade structures are relocated as work progresses so that so that access to shade is provided at all times in as close proximity to the employees as practical.

In situations where areas ot the jobsite provide continuous shade, or trees or other vegetation are used to provide shade, the Foreman will evaluate the thickness and shape of the shaded area (given the changing angles of the sun during the entire shift), before assuming that sufficient shadow is being cast to adequately protect employees.

In situations where it is not safe to erect shade structures (for example, winds of more than 40 mph) the Foreman will document how this determination was made and what steps will be taken to provide shade or other alternative cooling measures with equivalent protection upon request.

Monitoring the Weather

Two weeks in advance (or as many days in advance as possible), the Project Manaqer will go on the internet to check the extended weather forecast on the National Weather Service Website (www.nws.nooa.gov) or check the Weather Channel TV Network in order to plan in advance the work schedule, know whether a heat wave is expected and if necessary, determine whether work schedule modifications may be necessary. This type of advance planning should take place all summer long. The following National Weather Service Phone Numbers are provided for regional areas of California:

CALIFORNIA Dial-A-Forecast
Eureka 707-443-7062
Hanford 559-584-8047
Los Angeles 805-988-6610(#1)
Sacramento 916-979-3051
San Diego 858-297-2107(#1)
San Francisco 831-656-1725(#1)


Prior to each workday, the Foreman will review the forecast temperature and humidity for the worksite and compare it against the National Weather service Heat Index to evaluate the risk level for heat illness, for instance, whether or not workers will be exposed at a temperature and humidity characterized as either “extreme caution” or “extreme danger” for heat illnesses such as heat stroke. It is important to keep in mind that the temperature at which these warnings occur must be lowered as much as 15 Degrees F if the workers under consideration are working in direct sunlight.

Prior to each workday, the Foreman will be responsible for monitoring the weather (using www.nws.nooa.gov or with the aid of a simple thermometer) at the worksite. This critical weather information will be taken into consideration to determine when it may be necessary to make modifications to the work schedule, such as stopping work early, rescheduling the job, working at night or during the cooler hours of the day, or increasing the number of water and rest breaks.

The Foreman will be responsible for using a thermometer at the jobsite and checking the temperature at morning break, lunchtime and mid-afternoon break to monitor for sudden increases in temperature. When the temperature exceeds 85 Degrees F on jobsites, and where there is not a designated shade area available, shade structures will be up and accessible to the crew. Once the temperature equals or exceeds 95 Degrees F, the Foreman will ensure that High Heat Procedures are implemented.

Handling a Heat Wave

During a heat wave or heat spike (e.g., a sudden increase in daytime temperature of 9 Degrees F or more), the work day may be cut short (at 1:00 PM, for example) and if possible rescheduled for later at night or during cooler hours. At the beginning of the shih, the Foreman will hold a ‘tailgate’ meeting with the crew to review the company heat illness prevention procedures, the weather forecast and emergency response procedures.

If schedule modifications are not possible and employees have to work during a heat wave, the Foreman will conduct a tailgate meeting to reinforce heat illness prevention and review emergency response procedures with the workers. In addition, the Foreman will institute alternative preventive measures, such as providing workers with an increased number of water and rest breaks as needed, supervise workers to ensure that they do stop work and take these breaks, and observe all workers closely for signs and symptoms of heat illness.

The Foreman will assign each employee a “buddy” to be on the lookout for signs and symptoms of heat illness and ensure that emergency procedures are initiated when anyone displays possible signs or symptoms of heat illness.

High Heat Procedures when the temperature equals or exceeds 95 Degrees Fahrenheit

The Foreman will ensure that effective communication by voice, observation, or electronic means is maintained so that employees at the worksite can contact a supervisor when necessary. If the Foreman is unable to be near the workers to closely observe them or communicate with them, then a cell phone may be used for this purpose, but only if reception in the area is reliable.

The Foreman or First Aid Trained Person will continually observe employees for alertness and signs and symptoms of heat illness.

The Foreman will remind employees throughout the work shift to drink plenty of water.

The Foreman or First Aid Trained Person will closely supervise new employees, or assign a “buddy” or more experienced coworker for the first 14 days the new employees’ work, unless the employee indicates at the time of hire that he or she has been doing similar outdoor work for 4 or more hours per day during at least 10 of the past 30 days.

Procedures for Acclimatization

Acclimatization is the temporary and gradual physiological change in the body that occurs when the environmentally induced heat load to which the body is accustomed is significantly and suddenly exceeded by sudden environmental changes. In more common terms, the body needs time to adapt when temperatures rise suddenly. An employee risks heat illness by not decreasing physical work intensity when a heat wave strikes or when starting a new job that exposes the employee to heat to which his or her body hasn’t yet adjusted.

Inadequate acclimatization can imperil anyone exposed to conditions of heat and physical stress significantly more intense than what they are used to, and employers are responsible for the working conditions of their employees. Therefore, employers must act effectively when conditions result in sudden exposure to heat at levels to which their employees are not accustomed.

Company Management will monitor the weather and in particular be on the look-out for a sudden heat wave or increase in the temperature to levels at which employees haven’t been exposed for several weeks or longer.

During a heat wave or heat spike (e.g., a sudden increase in daytime temperature of 9 Degrees F or more), the work day may be cut short (1:00 PM, for example) and if possible rescheduled at night or during cooler hours.

During the hot summer months, the work shift may be started earlier in the day or later in the evening if needed, to work around the hottest part of the day.

The Foreman will try to find ways to lessen the intensity of new employees’ work during a two- week break-in period (such as scheduling slower paced, less physically demanding work during the hot parts of the day and the heaviest work activities during the cooler parts of the day). The Foreman will be extra-vigilant with new employees and stay alert for signs and symptoms of heat related illness.

The Foreman will assign new employees a “buddy” or experienced coworker to watch each other closely for discomfort or symptoms of heat illness.

During a heat wave, the Foreman will observe all employees closely (or maintain frequent communication via phone or radio) and be on the lookout for possible symptoms of heat illness.

Heat Illness Prevention training for employees and supervisors will include the importance of acclimatization as outlined above, how it is developed and how these company procedures will address it.

Procedures for Emergency Response

Prior to assigning a crew to a particular worksite, the Foreman and crew will be provided with a map along with clear and precise directions (such as streets or road names, distinguishing features and distances to major roads) to the site in order to avoid a delay in the providing of emergency medical services.

Prior to assigning a crew to a particular worksite, the Superintendent or Operations Manager will ensure that a qualified, appropriately trained and equipped person will be available at the site to render first aid, if necessary.

Prior to the start of the shift, the Foreman will determine if a language barrier exists at the site and take steps (such as assigning the responsibility to call emergency medical services to an English speaking worker) to ensure that medical services responders can be immediately called in the event of an emergency.

All foremen and supervisors will carry cell phones of radios to ensure that emergency medical services can be called. The functionality of these devices shall be checked at the worksite prior to each shift.

When an employee is showing symptoms of possible heat illness, the First Aid Trained Person on the jobsite will take immediate steps to keep the stricken employee cool and comfortable.

This will help to reduce the progression to more serious illness while awaiting the arrival of emergency service responders.

At remote locations, the Foreman will designate an employee or employees to physically go to the nearest road or highway where emergency responders can see them. If daylight is diminished, the designated employee(s) shall be given reflective vests or flashlights in order to direct emergency personnel to the location of the worksite, which may not be visible from the road or highway.

During a heat wave or when temperatures are hot, workers will be reminded and encouraged to immediately report to their supervisor any signs or symptoms of heat illness they are experiencing.

Heat Illness Prevention training for employees and supervisors will include every detail of these written emergency procedures.

Handling an Employee with Symptoms of Heat Illness

When an employee displays possible siqns or symptoms of heat illness, a trained first aid worker or supervisor will check the sick employee and determine whether resting in the shade and drinking cool water will suffice or if emergency service providers should be called. Do not leave a sick worker alone in the shade, as he or she can take a turn for the worse rapidly.

When an employee displays possible signs or symptoms of heat illness and no trained first aid worker or supervisor is available at the site, medical help is required. Employee will be taken to the nearest emergency room or emergency service providers will be called (9-1-1) to get medical help to the jobsite.

Call emerqency service providers (9-1-1) immediately if an employee displays siqns or symptoms of heat illness (loss of consciousness, incoherent speech, convulsions, red and hot face). does not look OK or does not get better after drinkinq cool water and restinq in the shade. While the ambulance is in route, initiate first aid (cool the worker: D!ace in the shade, remove excess layers of clothing, place ice pack in the armpits and ioint area and fan the victim). Do not let a sick worker leave the site, as they can get lost or die (when not being transported by ambulance and treatment has not been started by paramedics) before reaching a hospital.

If an employee does not look OK and displays signs or symptoms of severe heat illness los{ ots consciousness, incoherent speech, convulsionse,rd and hot face), and the worksite is located more than 20 minutes away from a hospital, call for emergency service providers (9-1-1), communicate the signs and symptoms of the victim and allow emergency service providers to decide if an Air Ambulance is required.

Procedures for Employee and Supervisory Training Effective Heat Illness Prevention training will ensure that all supervisors are trained prior to being assigned to supervise other workers and that all employees understand the training requirements for heat illness prevention prior to working outdoors in work environments where there is a risk of exposure to heat illness. The training topics for all employees are as follows:

1. The environmental and person risk factors for heat illness, as well as the added burden of heat load on the body caused by exertion, clothing, and personal protective equipment;
2. The employer’s procedures for complying with the requirements of Title 8 CCR Section 3395, Heat Illness Prevention in Outdoor Places of Employment;
3. The importance of frequent consumption of small quantities of water, up to four cups per hour, when the work environment is hot and employees are likely to be sweating more than usual in the performance of their duties;
4. The importance of acclimatization;
5. The different types of heat illness and the common signs and symptoms of heat illness;
6. The importance of immediately reporting to the employer, directly or through the employee’s supervisor, symptoms or signs of heat illness in themselves, or in co- workers;
7. The employer’s procedures for responding to symptoms of possible heat illness, including how emergency medical services will be provided should they become necessary;
8. The employer’s procedures for contacting emergency medical services, and if necessary, for transporting employees to a point where they can be reached by an emergency medical service provider; and
9. The employer’s procedures for ensuring that, in the event of an emergency, clear and precise directions to the work site can and will be provided as needed to emergency responders. These procedures shall include designating a person to be available to ensure that emergency procedures are invoked when appropriate.

Prior to supervising employees performing work that should reasonably be anticipated to result in exposure to the risk of heat illness in outdoor places of employment; supervisors shall receive additional training in the following topics:

1. The heat illness prevention training topics listed above that are given to all employees;
2. The procedures the supervisor is to follow to implement the applicable provisions in the heat illness prevention standard;
3. The procedures the supervisor is to follow when an employee exhibits symptoms consistent with possible heat illness, including emergency response procedures; and
4. How to monitor weather reports and how to respond to hot weather advisories.

13.9 program audits

Audits of the Heat Illness Prevention Program shall be performed by Supervisors and Management of Best Contracting Services, Inc.. Audits of the Heat Illness Prevention Program shall be performed annually.

1. The company designated auditor shall review the program to ensure that heat illness prevention procedures are being put into practice and are being properly followed.
2. The audit process and findings shall be discussed in company safety meetings for supervisors and employees.

13.10 records

All training, company safety meetings, and other records prepared in association with the Heat Illness Prevention Program shall be managed in accordance with the requirements of the Best Contracting Services, Inc. Injury and Illness Prevention Program.